鈉
11
Na
族
1
週期
3
區
s
個質子
電子
個中子
11
11
12
一般屬性
原子序數
11
標準原子質量
22.98976928
品質編號
23
類別
鹼金屬
顏色
銀色
放射性
否
英文“小蘇打”
晶體結構
體心立方
歷史
The chemical abbreviation for sodium was first published by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in his system of atomic symbols.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
It is a contraction of the element's new Latin name natrium, which refers to the Egyptian natron, a natural mineral salt primarily made of hydrated sodium carbonate.
In 1807, Sir Humphry Davy isolated sodium for the first time by electrolysis of dried sodium hydroxide, which had been very slightly moistened.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 1
電子排布
[Ne] 3s1
Sodium burns in air with a brilliant yellow flame
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
0.971 g/cm3
熔點
370.87 K | 97.72 °C | 207.9 °F
沸點
1156.15 K | 883 °C | 1621.4 °F
熔化熱
2.6 kJ/mol
汽化熱
97.7 kJ/mol
比熱容
1.228 J/g·K
地殼豐度
2.3%
宇宙豐度
0.002%
CAS 編號
7440-23-5
Pubchem CID 編號
5360545
原子性質
原子半徑
186 pm
共價半徑
166 pm
電負性
0.93 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
5.1391 eV
原子體積
23.7 cm3/mol
熱導率
1.41 W/cm·K
氧化態
-1, 1
應用
Metallic sodium is vital in the manufacture of esters and in the preparation of organic compounds.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium vapor lamps are often used for street lighting in cities.
Liquid sodium is used as a heat transfer fluid in some fast reactors.
Sodium is also used as an alloying metal, an anti-scaling agent, and as a reducing agent for metals when other materials are ineffective.
Sodium metal should be handled with great care as it cannot be maintained in an inert atmosphere
同位素
穩定同位素
23Na不穩定同位素
18Na, 19Na, 20Na, 21Na, 22Na, 24Na, 25Na, 26Na, 27Na, 28Na, 29Na, 30Na, 31Na, 32Na, 33Na, 34Na, 35Na, 36Na, 37Na