鎢
74
W
族
6
週期
6
區
d
個質子
電子
個中子
74
74
110
一般屬性
原子序數
74
標準原子質量
183.84
品質編號
184
類別
過渡金屬
顏色
灰色
放射性
否
瑞典語“沉重的石頭”
晶體結構
體心立方
歷史
Torbern Bergman obtained from scheelite an oxide of a new element in 1781.
In 1783, José and Fausto Elhuyar found an acid made from wolframite that was identical to tungstic acid.
Later that year, in Spain, the brothers succeeded in isolating tungsten by reduction of this acid with charcoal, and they are credited with the discovery of the element.
In 1783, José and Fausto Elhuyar found an acid made from wolframite that was identical to tungstic acid.
Later that year, in Spain, the brothers succeeded in isolating tungsten by reduction of this acid with charcoal, and they are credited with the discovery of the element.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
電子排布
[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
The chemical symbol, W, comes from the original name of the element, Wolfram
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
19.25 g/cm3
熔點
3695.15 K | 3422 °C | 6191.6 °F
沸點
5828.15 K | 5555 °C | 10031 °F
熔化熱
35 kJ/mol
汽化熱
800 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.132 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.00011%
宇宙豐度
5×10-8%
CAS 編號
7440-33-7
Pubchem CID 編號
23964
原子性質
原子半徑
139 pm
共價半徑
162 pm
電負性
2.36 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
7.864 eV
原子體積
9.53 cm3/mol
熱導率
1.74 W/cm·K
氧化態
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
應用
Tungsten and its alloys are widely used for filaments in electric bulbs and electronic tubes.
Tungsten carbide is of great importance to the metal-working, mining, and petroleum industries.
Tungsten oxides are used in ceramic glazes and calcium/magnesium tungstates are used widely in fluorescent lighting.
Tungsten carbide is of great importance to the metal-working, mining, and petroleum industries.
Tungsten oxides are used in ceramic glazes and calcium/magnesium tungstates are used widely in fluorescent lighting.
Tungsten is considered to be of low toxicity
同位素
穩定同位素
180W, 182W, 183W, 184W, 186W不穩定同位素
158W, 159W, 160W, 161W, 162W, 163W, 164W, 165W, 166W, 167W, 168W, 169W, 170W, 171W, 172W, 173W, 174W, 175W, 176W, 177W, 178W, 179W, 181W, 185W, 187W, 188W, 189W, 190W, 191W, 192W