鈽
94
Pu
族
無法計量
週期
7
區
f
個質子
電子
個中子
94
94
150
一般屬性
原子序數
94
標準原子質量
[244]
品質編號
244
類別
錒系元素
顏色
銀色
放射性
是
Named after the planet Pluto
晶體結構
以基中心單核
歷史
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
電子排布
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
19.816 g/cm3
熔點
912.55 K | 639.4 °C | 1182.92 °F
沸點
3501.15 K | 3228 °C | 5842.4 °F
熔化熱
無法計量
汽化熱
325 kJ/mol
比熱容
-
地殼豐度
無法計量
宇宙豐度
無法計量
圖片來源: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS 編號
7440-07-5
Pubchem CID 編號
23940
原子性質
原子半徑
159 pm
共價半徑
187 pm
電負性
1.28 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
6.0262 eV
原子體積
12.32 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.0674 W/cm·K
氧化態
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
應用
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
同位素
穩定同位素
-不穩定同位素
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu