13
Al
13
週期
3
p
個質子
電子
個中子
13
13
14
一般屬性
原子序數
13
標準原子質量
26.9815386
品質編號
27
類別
弱金屬
顏色
銀色
放射性
拉丁文“白礬”
晶體結構
面居中立方
歷史
In 1761, Guyton de Morveau proposed the name alumine for the base in alum, and Antoine Lavoisier, in 1787, thought this to be the oxide of a still undiscovered metal.

Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.

Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.

Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 3
電子排布
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Al
Aluminum does not stick to magnets under normal conditions
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
2.698 g/cm3
熔點
933.47 K | 660.32 °C | 1220.58 °F
沸點
2792.15 K | 2519 °C | 4566.2 °F
熔化熱
10.7 kJ/mol
汽化熱
293 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.897 J/g·K
地殼豐度
8.1%
宇宙豐度
0.005%
Chunk
圖片來源: Images-of-elements
Chunk of aluminum
CAS 編號
7429-90-5
Pubchem CID 編號
5359268
原子性質
原子半徑
143 pm
共價半徑
121 pm
電負性
1.61 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
5.9858 eV
原子體積
9.98 cm3/mol
熱導率
2.37 W/cm·K
氧化態
1, 3
應用
Aluminum is used in an extensive range of products from drinks cans to window frames and boats to aircraft.

It is used in electrical transmission lines.

It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.

When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
Aluminum is not known to be toxic
同位素
穩定同位素
27Al
不穩定同位素
21Al, 22Al, 23Al, 24Al, 25Al, 26Al, 28Al, 29Al, 30Al, 31Al, 32Al, 33Al, 34Al, 35Al, 36Al, 37Al, 38Al, 39Al, 40Al, 41Al, 42Al