氯
17
Cl
族
17
週期
3
區
p
個質子
電子
個中子
17
17
18
一般屬性
原子序數
17
標準原子質量
35.453
品質編號
35
類別
鹵素
顏色
黃色
放射性
否
希臘文“發綠的黃”
晶體結構
基心正交
歷史
Around 1630, chlorine was recognized as a gas by the Belgian chemist and physician Jan Baptist van Helmont.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
Elemental chlorine was first prepared and studied in 1774 by Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
By 1810, the scientific consensus was that chlorine was actually a compound that contained oxygen.
In 1811, Sir Humphry Davy concluded the new gas was in fact a new element.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 7
電子排布
[Ne] 3s2 3p5
Tree frogs have a chlorine compound in their skin that is a very powerful pain killer
物理性質
物態
氣體
密度
0.003214 g/cm3
熔點
171.65 K | -101.5 °C | -150.7 °F
沸點
239.11 K | -34.04 °C | -29.27 °F
熔化熱
3.2 kJ/mol
汽化熱
10.2 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.479 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.017%
宇宙豐度
0.0001%
CAS 編號
7782-50-5
Pubchem CID 編號
24526
原子性質
原子半徑
79 pm
共價半徑
102 pm
電負性
3.16 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
12.9676 eV
原子體積
22.7 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.000089 W/cm·K
氧化態
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
應用
Chlorine is used for producing safe drinking water.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products.
Chlorinated compounds are used mostly for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing.
Elemental chlorine at high concentrations is extremely dangerous and poisonous
同位素
穩定同位素
35Cl, 37Cl不穩定同位素
28Cl, 29Cl, 30Cl, 31Cl, 32Cl, 33Cl, 34Cl, 36Cl, 38Cl, 39Cl, 40Cl, 41Cl, 42Cl, 43Cl, 44Cl, 45Cl, 46Cl, 47Cl, 48Cl, 49Cl, 50Cl, 51Cl