25
Mn
7
週期
4
d
個質子
電子
個中子
25
25
30
一般屬性
原子序數
25
標準原子質量
54.938045
品質編號
55
類別
過渡金屬
顏色
銀色
放射性
軟錳礦的磁性是因爲其命名和磁鐵有關
晶體結構
體心立方
歷史
By the mid-18th century, Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele had used pyrolusite to produce chlorine.

Scheele and others were aware that pyrolusite contained a new element, but they were not able to isolate it.

Johan Gottlieb Gahn was the first to isolate an impure sample of manganese metal in 1774, by reducing the dioxide with carbon.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 13, 2
電子排布
[Ar] 3d5 4s2
Mn
Neanderthals may have used black manganese di oxide as a cosmetic 50,000 years ago
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
7.44 g/cm3
熔點
1519.15 K | 1246 °C | 2274.8 °F
沸點
2334.15 K | 2061 °C | 3741.8 °F
熔化熱
13.2 kJ/mol
汽化熱
220 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.479 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.11%
宇宙豐度
0.0008%
Small
圖片來源: Images-of-elements
Small pieces of manganese
CAS 編號
7439-96-5
Pubchem CID 編號
23930
原子性質
原子半徑
127 pm
共價半徑
139 pm
電負性
1.55 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
7.434 eV
原子體積
7.4 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.0782 W/cm·K
氧化態
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
應用
For over 2000 years, manganese dioxide has been used to make colorless glass.

Manganese dioxide is used as the cathode material in zinc-carbon and alkaline batteries.

Manganese also functions in the oxygen-evolving complex of photosynthetic plants.

The dioxide is also used in the preparation of oxygen and chlorine and in drying black paints.
Excess manganese, particularly inhalation of the powder, is toxic
同位素
穩定同位素
55Mn
不穩定同位素
44Mn, 45Mn, 46Mn, 47Mn, 48Mn, 49Mn, 50Mn, 51Mn, 52Mn, 53Mn, 54Mn, 56Mn, 57Mn, 58Mn, 59Mn, 60Mn, 61Mn, 62Mn, 63Mn, 64Mn, 65Mn, 66Mn, 67Mn, 68Mn, 69Mn