鐵
26
Fe
族
8
週期
4
區
d
個質子
電子
個中子
26
26
30
一般屬性
原子序數
26
標準原子質量
55.845
品質編號
56
類別
過渡金屬
顏色
灰色
放射性
否
拉丁文“鉄”
晶體結構
體心立方
歷史
The first iron used by humans is likely to have come from meteorites.
The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in about 4000 BC.
The discovery of smelting around 3000 BC led to the start of the iron age around 1200 BC and the prominent use of iron for tools and weapons.
The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in about 4000 BC.
The discovery of smelting around 3000 BC led to the start of the iron age around 1200 BC and the prominent use of iron for tools and weapons.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 14, 2
電子排布
[Ar] 3d6 4s2
The color of blood is due to the hemoglobin, an iron-containing protein
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
7.874 g/cm3
熔點
1811.15 K | 1538 °C | 2800.4 °F
沸點
3134.15 K | 2861 °C | 5181.8 °F
熔化熱
13.8 kJ/mol
汽化熱
347 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.449 J/g·K
地殼豐度
6.3%
宇宙豐度
0.11%
圖片來源: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Pure iron chips, electrolytically refined, as well as a high purity iron cube for comparison
CAS 編號
7439-89-6
Pubchem CID 編號
23925
原子性質
原子半徑
126 pm
共價半徑
132 pm
電負性
1.83 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
7.9024 eV
原子體積
7.1 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.802 W/cm·K
氧化態
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
應用
Iron is used to manufacture steel and other alloys important in construction and manufacturing.
Iron is a vital constituent of plant and animal life and works as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin.
Iron oxide mixed with aluminum powder can be ignited to create a thermite reaction, used in welding and purifying ores.
Iron is a vital constituent of plant and animal life and works as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin.
Iron oxide mixed with aluminum powder can be ignited to create a thermite reaction, used in welding and purifying ores.
Iron is considered to be non-toxic
同位素
穩定同位素
54Fe, 56Fe, 57Fe, 58Fe不穩定同位素
45Fe, 46Fe, 47Fe, 48Fe, 49Fe, 50Fe, 51Fe, 52Fe, 53Fe, 55Fe, 59Fe, 60Fe, 61Fe, 62Fe, 63Fe, 64Fe, 65Fe, 66Fe, 67Fe, 68Fe, 69Fe, 70Fe, 71Fe, 72Fe