溴
35
Br
族
17
週期
4
區
p
個質子
電子
個中子
35
35
45
一般屬性
原子序數
35
標準原子質量
79.904
品質編號
80
類別
鹵素
顏色
紅色
放射性
否
希臘文“惡臭”
晶體結構
基心正交
歷史
Carl Jacob Löwig discovered bromine in 1825, while still a chemistry student at Heidelberg University, Germany.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
Antoine Balard distilled the bromine from a solution of seaweed ash saturated with chlorine in 1824.
He finally published his results in 1826, providing evidence that the substance he had discovered was a new element.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 7
電子排布
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Bromine is the only nonmetallic element that is liquid at ordinary temperatures
物理性質
物態
液體
密度
3.122 g/cm3
熔點
265.95 K | -7.2 °C | 19.04 °F
沸點
331.95 K | 58.8 °C | 137.84 °F
熔化熱
5.8 kJ/mol
汽化熱
14.8 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.474 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.0003%
宇宙豐度
7×10-7%
CAS 編號
7726-95-6
Pubchem CID 編號
24408
原子性質
原子半徑
120 pm
共價半徑
120 pm
電負性
2.96 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
11.8138 eV
原子體積
23.5 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.00122 W/cm·K
氧化態
-1, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7
應用
Bromine is used in making fumigants, flameproofing agents, water purification compounds, dyes, medicines and sanitizers.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Potassium bromide is used as a source of bromide ions for the manufacture of silver bromide for photographic film.
Bromine is also used to reduce mercury pollution from coal-fired power plants.
Bromine is poisonous and causes skin burns
同位素
穩定同位素
79Br, 81Br不穩定同位素
67Br, 68Br, 69Br, 70Br, 71Br, 72Br, 73Br, 74Br, 75Br, 76Br, 77Br, 78Br, 80Br, 82Br, 83Br, 84Br, 85Br, 86Br, 87Br, 88Br, 89Br, 90Br, 91Br, 92Br, 93Br, 94Br, 95Br, 96Br, 97Br