鈹
4
Be
族
2
週期
2
區
s
個質子
電子
個中子
4
4
5
一般屬性
原子序數
4
標準原子質量
9.012182
品質編號
9
類別
鹼土金屬
顏色
板岩灰
放射性
否
希臘文 '綠柱石'
晶體結構
簡單六角形
歷史
Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin discovered beryllium in the oxide form in both beryl and emeralds in 1798.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
每個外殼的電子
2, 2
電子排布
[He] 2s2
Emerald is a naturally occurring compound of beryllium
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
1.85 g/cm3
熔點
1560.15 K | 1287 °C | 2348.6 °F
沸點
2742.15 K | 2469 °C | 4476.2 °F
熔化熱
7.95 kJ/mol
汽化熱
297 kJ/mol
比熱容
1.825 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.00019%
宇宙豐度
1×10-7%
CAS 編號
7440-41-7
Pubchem CID 編號
5460467
原子性質
原子半徑
112 pm
共價半徑
96 pm
電負性
1.57 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
9.3227 eV
原子體積
4.9 cm3/mol
熱導率
2.01 W/cm·K
氧化態
1, 2
應用
Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium and its salts are toxic and should be handled with the greatest of care
同位素
穩定同位素
9Be不穩定同位素
5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be, 14Be, 15Be, 16Be