銦
49
In
族
13
週期
5
區
p
個質子
電子
個中子
49
49
66
一般屬性
原子序數
49
標準原子質量
114.818
品質編號
115
類別
弱金屬
顏色
銀色
放射性
否
從其光譜中美麗的靛藍色而得名
晶體結構
中心四方
歷史
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
電子排布
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
7.31 g/cm3
熔點
429.75 K | 156.6 °C | 313.88 °F
沸點
2345.15 K | 2072 °C | 3761.6 °F
熔化熱
3.26 kJ/mol
汽化熱
230 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.233 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.000016%
宇宙豐度
3×10-8%
CAS 編號
7440-74-6
Pubchem CID 編號
5359967
原子性質
原子半徑
167 pm
共價半徑
142 pm
電負性
1.78 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
5.7864 eV
原子體積
15.7 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.816 W/cm·K
氧化態
1, 2, 3
應用
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
同位素
穩定同位素
113In不穩定同位素
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In