50
Sn
14
週期
5
p
個質子
電子
個中子
50
50
69
一般屬性
原子序數
50
標準原子質量
118.71
品質編號
119
類別
弱金屬
顏色
銀色
放射性
拉丁文“錫”
晶體結構
中心四方
歷史
Tin was first smelted in combination with copper around 3500 BC to produce bronze.

The oldest artifacts date from around 2000 BC.

Cassiterite, the tin oxide form of tin, was most likely the original source of tin in ancient times.

British scientist Robert Boyle published a description of his experiments on the oxidation of tin in 1673.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 18, 4
電子排布
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Sn
When a bar of tin is bent, a crackling sound known as the tin cry can be heard
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
7.287 g/cm3
熔點
505.08 K | 231.93 °C | 449.47 °F
沸點
2875.15 K | 2602 °C | 4715.6 °F
熔化熱
7 kJ/mol
汽化熱
290 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.228 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.00022%
宇宙豐度
4×10-7%
Droplet
圖片來源: Images-of-elements
Droplet of solidified molten tin
CAS 編號
7440-31-5
Pubchem CID 編號
5352426
原子性質
原子半徑
140 pm
共價半徑
139 pm
電負性
1.96 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
7.3439 eV
原子體積
16.3 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.666 W/cm·K
氧化態
-4, 2, 4
應用
Tin is used as a coating on the surface of other metals to prevent corrosion.

It has long been used as a solder in the form of an alloy with lead.

Tin salts sprayed onto glass are used to produce electrically conductive coatings.

Tin chloride is used as a mordant in dyeing textiles and for increasing the weight of silk.
Tin is considered to be non-toxic but most tin salts are toxic
同位素
穩定同位素
112Sn, 114Sn, 115Sn, 116Sn, 117Sn, 118Sn, 119Sn, 120Sn, 122Sn, 124Sn
不穩定同位素
99Sn, 100Sn, 101Sn, 102Sn, 103Sn, 104Sn, 105Sn, 106Sn, 107Sn, 108Sn, 109Sn, 110Sn, 111Sn, 113Sn, 121Sn, 123Sn, 125Sn, 126Sn, 127Sn, 128Sn, 129Sn, 130Sn, 131Sn, 132Sn, 133Sn, 134Sn, 135Sn, 136Sn, 137Sn