78
Pt
10
週期
6
d
個質子
電子
個中子
78
78
117
一般屬性
原子序數
78
標準原子質量
195.084
品質編號
195
類別
過渡金屬
顏色
灰色
放射性
西班牙文“銀色”
晶體結構
面居中立方
歷史
Platinum was first used by pre-Columbian South American natives to produce artifacts.

Antonio de Ulloa published his findings about platinum in 1748, but Sir Charles Wood also investigated the metal in 1741.

First reference to it as a new metal was made by William Brownrigg in 1750.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 32, 17, 1
電子排布
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1
Pt
Platinum exists in higher abundances on the Moon and in meteorites
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
21.45 g/cm3
熔點
2041.45 K | 1768.3 °C | 3214.94 °F
沸點
4098.15 K | 3825 °C | 6917 °F
熔化熱
20 kJ/mol
汽化熱
490 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.133 J/g·K
地殼豐度
3.7×10-6%
宇宙豐度
5×10-7%
A
圖片來源: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
A native platinum nugget
CAS 編號
7440-06-4
Pubchem CID 編號
23939
原子性質
原子半徑
139 pm
共價半徑
136 pm
電負性
2.28 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
8.9587 eV
原子體積
9.10 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.716 W/cm·K
氧化態
2, 4, 5, 6
應用
The most common use of platinum is as a catalyst in chemical reactions.

Platinum is used in jewelry, decoration and dental work.

Platinum-cobalt, an alloy of roughly three parts platinum and one part cobalt, is used to make relatively strong permanent magnets.

Platinum-based anodes are used in ships, pipelines, and steel piers.
Platinum is considered to be non-toxic
同位素
穩定同位素
192Pt, 194Pt, 195Pt, 196Pt, 198Pt
不穩定同位素
166Pt, 167Pt, 168Pt, 169Pt, 170Pt, 171Pt, 172Pt, 173Pt, 174Pt, 175Pt, 176Pt, 177Pt, 178Pt, 179Pt, 180Pt, 181Pt, 182Pt, 183Pt, 184Pt, 185Pt, 186Pt, 187Pt, 188Pt, 189Pt, 190Pt, 191Pt, 193Pt, 197Pt, 199Pt, 200Pt, 201Pt, 202Pt