汞
80
Hg
族
12
週期
6
區
d
個質子
電子
個中子
80
80
121
一般屬性
原子序數
80
標準原子質量
200.59
品質編號
201
類別
過渡金屬
顏色
銀色
放射性
否
From the Latin word hydrargyrum meaning liquid silver
晶體結構
簡單三角
歷史
Mercury was known to the ancient Chinese and Indians and has been found in Egyptian tombs dating back to about 1500 BC.
Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed.
They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury.
Alchemists thought of mercury as the First Matter from which all metals were formed.
They believed that different metals could be produced by varying the quality and quantity of sulfur contained within the mercury.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
電子排布
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature
物理性質
物態
液體
密度
13.5336 g/cm3
熔點
234.32 K | -38.83 °C | -37.89 °F
沸點
630.15 K | 357 °C | 674.6 °F
熔化熱
2.29 kJ/mol
汽化熱
59.2 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.14 J/g·K
地殼豐度
6.7×10-6%
宇宙豐度
1×10-7%
CAS 編號
7439-97-6
Pubchem CID 編號
23931
原子性質
原子半徑
151 pm
共價半徑
132 pm
電負性
2.00 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
10.4375 eV
原子體積
14.82 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.0834 W/cm·K
氧化態
1, 2, 4
應用
Mercury is used in barometers and manometers because of its high density.
Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps.
Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes.
Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers.
Gaseous mercury is used in mercury-vapor lamps and some 'neon sign' type advertising signs and fluorescent lamps.
Mercury is also found in liquid mirror telescopes.
Gaseous mercury is also found in some electron tubes, including ignitrons, thyratrons, and mercury arc rectifiers.
Mercury and most of its compounds are highly toxic
同位素
穩定同位素
196Hg, 198Hg, 199Hg, 200Hg, 201Hg, 202Hg, 204Hg不穩定同位素
171Hg, 172Hg, 173Hg, 174Hg, 175Hg, 176Hg, 177Hg, 178Hg, 179Hg, 180Hg, 181Hg, 182Hg, 183Hg, 184Hg, 185Hg, 186Hg, 187Hg, 188Hg, 189Hg, 190Hg, 191Hg, 192Hg, 193Hg, 194Hg, 195Hg, 197Hg, 203Hg, 205Hg, 206Hg, 207Hg, 208Hg, 209Hg, 210Hg