氟
9
F
族
17
週期
2
區
p
個質子
電子
個中子
9
9
10
一般屬性
原子序數
9
標準原子質量
18.9984032
品質編號
19
類別
鹵素
顏色
無色
放射性
否
拉丁文“流動”
晶體結構
以基中心單核
歷史
In 1529, Georigius Agricola described the use of fluorspar as a flux.
In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.
In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.
The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
In 1670 Heinrich Schwandhard found that glass was etched when exposed to fluorspar treated with acid.
In 1810, French scientist Andre-Marie Ampere proposed that fluoric acid was a compound of hydrogen with a new element.
The element was finally isolated in 1886 by Henri Moissan.
每個外殼的電子
2, 7
電子排布
[He] 2s2 2p5
Fluorine reacts violently with water to produce oxygen
物理性質
物態
氣體
密度
0.001696 g/cm3
熔點
53.53 K | -219.62 °C | -363.32 °F
沸點
85.03 K | -188.12 °C | -306.62 °F
熔化熱
0.26 kJ/mol
汽化熱
3.27 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.824 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.054%
宇宙豐度
0.00004%
圖片來源: Images-of-elements
Fluorine gas, but only as photomontage, because fluorine reacts even with glass
CAS 編號
7782-41-4
Pubchem CID 編號
24524
原子性質
原子半徑
42 pm
共價半徑
64 pm
電負性
3.98 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
17.4228 eV
原子體積
17.1 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.000279 W/cm·K
氧化態
-1
應用
Compounds of fluorine, including sodium fluoride, are used in toothpaste and in drinking water to prevent dental cavities.
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.
Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) now serve as replacements for CFC refrigerants.
Fluorine and its compounds are used in processing nuclear fuel.
Fluorine is highly toxic and corrosive
同位素
穩定同位素
19F不穩定同位素
14F, 15F, 16F, 17F, 18F, 20F, 21F, 22F, 23F, 24F, 25F, 26F, 27F, 28F, 29F, 30F, 31F