銅
29
Cu
族
11
週期
4
區
d
個質子
電子
個中子
29
29
35
一般屬性
原子序數
29
標準原子質量
63.546
品質編號
64
類別
過渡金屬
顏色
黃銅色
放射性
否
拉丁文“賽普勒斯島”
晶體結構
面居中立方
歷史
Copper occurs naturally as native copper and was known to some of the oldest civilizations on record.
Earliest estimates of the discovery of copper suggest around 9000 BC in the Middle East.
It was one of the most important materials to humans throughout the copper and bronze ages.
Earliest estimates of the discovery of copper suggest around 9000 BC in the Middle East.
It was one of the most important materials to humans throughout the copper and bronze ages.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 1
電子排布
[Ar] 3d10 4s1
Pure copper is orange-red and acquires a reddish tarnish when exposed to air
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
8.96 g/cm3
熔點
1357.75 K | 1084.6 °C | 1984.28 °F
沸點
2835.15 K | 2562 °C | 4643.6 °F
熔化熱
13.1 kJ/mol
汽化熱
300 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.385 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.0068%
宇宙豐度
6×10-6%
CAS 編號
7440-50-8
Pubchem CID 編號
23978
原子性質
原子半徑
128 pm
共價半徑
132 pm
電負性
1.9 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
7.7264 eV
原子體積
7.1 cm3/mol
熱導率
4.01 W/cm·K
氧化態
1, 2, 3, 4
應用
Copper is often used for electrical wiring applications and for household plumbing applications.
Copper sulfate is used as a fungicide and as an algicide in rivers, lakes and ponds.
It is also used in cookware and cooking utensils.
Commercially important alloys such as brass and bronze are made with copper and other metals.
Copper sulfate is used as a fungicide and as an algicide in rivers, lakes and ponds.
It is also used in cookware and cooking utensils.
Commercially important alloys such as brass and bronze are made with copper and other metals.
Cooking acidic food in copper pots can cause toxicity
同位素
穩定同位素
63Cu, 65Cu不穩定同位素
52Cu, 53Cu, 54Cu, 55Cu, 56Cu, 57Cu, 58Cu, 59Cu, 60Cu, 61Cu, 62Cu, 64Cu, 66Cu, 67Cu, 68Cu, 69Cu, 70Cu, 71Cu, 72Cu, 73Cu, 74Cu, 75Cu, 76Cu, 77Cu, 78Cu, 79Cu, 80Cu