鋱
65
Tb
族
無法計量
週期
6
區
f
個質子
電子
個中子
65
65
94
一般屬性
原子序數
65
標準原子質量
158.92535
品質編號
159
類別
鑭系元素
顏色
銀色
放射性
否
因瑞典小鎮伊特比而得名
晶體結構
簡單六角形
歷史
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
每個外殼的電子
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
電子排布
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Terbium is soft enough to be cut with a knife
物理性質
物態
固體
密度
8.229 g/cm3
熔點
1629.15 K | 1356 °C | 2472.8 °F
沸點
3503.15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
熔化熱
10.8 kJ/mol
汽化熱
295 kJ/mol
比熱容
0.182 J/g·K
地殼豐度
0.000093%
宇宙豐度
5×10-8%
CAS 編號
7440-27-9
Pubchem CID 編號
23958
原子性質
原子半徑
177 pm
共價半徑
194 pm
電負性
1.2 (鲍林标度)
電離電位
5.8638 eV
原子體積
19.20 cm3/mol
熱導率
0.111 W/cm·K
氧化態
1, 3, 4
應用
Terbium is used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
Terbium is considered to be moderately toxic
同位素
穩定同位素
159Tb不穩定同位素
136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb